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The History of ChevyTrucks This article used in it's entirety is written by Don Bunn
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| When William Durant (Billy) and Louis Chevrolet began selling Chevrolet cars in November 1911, actually the 1912 model year, their new company was not part of General Motors. Formerly Billy was head of GM, a company he founded in 1908, but had been forced out by the company's bankers who considered him unfit to run an enterprise the size of GM. Durant started the Chevrolet Motor Company on November 3, 1911. His long term strategy | ![]() This 1918 Chevrolet 490 Light Delivery chassis cowl was the first truck model Chevrolet built. The chassis cowl consists of the painted metal parts. The wooden cab and pickup-type body were purchased from an aftermarket manufacturer. It was rated for a payload capacity of 1,000lbs. and sold for $595 retail. (Photo: Tom Snively) |
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was to use
Chevrolet to regain control of General Motors. He reasoned he
could accomplish his goal by quickly growing the new company
into a very successful and profitable enterprise. The profits
generated thereby would be used to purchase GM stock until he
had a controlling interest. His inspiration was Mr. Ford whose
Model T had proven to be successful beyond anyone's wildest
dreams. Billy figured he could take Ford on and win with a
competing low priced auto. Chevrolet cars sold well enough and
generated profits such that by 1916 he controlled 54.5 percent
of GM stock. He walked into GM and declared himself president.
The other new truck from Chevrolet in 1918 was the one-ton Model T "Ton Truck". It had a payload capacity rating of 2,000lbs and sold for $1245 retail. Chevrolet built only the chassis cowl and the buyer purchased a body from a manufacturer. A 1920 model is shown at left. This body was called a Covered Flareboard In the center is a 1925 Ford TT one-ton stake and on the right is a 1955 Chevrolet 1 1/2 ton chassis cab with Farm Body. (Photo: Everett Nebergall) |
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The first Chevrolet trucks went on sale in 1918, the same year that the Chevrolet Motor Company became part of GM. Chevrolet's famous series 490 auto was also new in 1918. This model was designed to compete directly with Ford's Model T. The 490 designation was based on the price the car was to sell for which was also the amount a Model T had been selling for. Mr. Ford immediately lowered the price of a Model T after the Series 490 was announced. |
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The first Chevrolet truck was the Model 490 Light Delivery. The half-ton rated 490 Light Delivery was a chassis cowl only based on the 490 auto. A chassis cowl included the chassis with engine, transmission and the front sheet metal which comprised the hood, front fenders, grille and headlights. Its instrument panel, steering wheel, foot pedals and shift lever were exactly the same as the cars. The customer was expected to provide his own cab and body. Cabs and bodies in those days were constructed of wood. Often times the buyer would build his own body, usually without a cab, but most truck buyers purchased bodies and cabs from an outside independent body company. The 490 was powered by a four cylinder overhead valve engine displacing 171 cubic |
![]() This 1921 Chevrolet 490 Roadster Pickup's cargo box is an aftermarket item. Its interesting to note that the Roadster without a box sold for only $625, the Light-Delivery without a cab or body sold for $560. The Roadster was considered by many buyers to be a better value because it was an ideal dual-purpose vehicle. (Photo: Don Bunn)
The 1927 Superior Model one-ton Utility Express was the first truck Chevrolet offered with a factory cab. The base truck sold for $495, the cab was $115. (Photo: Mike Larson) |
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inches. This
engine which developed 21.7 SAE horsepower lasted through the
1928 model year. The 490's wheelbase was only 102 inches and it
was rated for a maximum payload of 1,000 pounds. Its
transmission was the same three-speed as used in the auto.
Chevrolet was not bashful in advertising its selective gear
shift transmission against Ford's foot pedal operated
transmission. The windshield was an extra cost item. The 490
were equipped with 30x3 1/2 balloon tires front and rear. Its
list price was $595.
Chevrolet's other new truck in 1918 was the Model T one-ton chassis cowl. It was a modified Model FA passenger car chassis, but it was beefed up a bit for commercial service. Its OHV four-cylinder engine displaced 224 cubic-inches and produced 21.7 net horsepower. It rode on a 125 inch wheelbase. Its list price was $1125. The one-ton featured a worm drive rear end, a half floating rear axle, 31x4 front balloon tires and 32x4 solid rubber rears, eight leaf front springs and 12 leaf rear springs and was rated for a maximum GVW of 2000 pounds. The 490 Light Delivery and one-ton Model T remained in production through the 1922 model year. A 3/4 ton chassis cowl Model G was added in 1921 but it only lasted through 1922. The Light Delivery chassis and the one-ton trucks were renamed the Superior Series in 1922 (the same as Chevrolet Cars), this name lasted through the 1927 model year. The Series name was changed to Capitol for both trucks in 1927 which lasted through 1928 - the last year for the four cylinder era. It is interesting to note that for the one-ton model only a cab, stake body and panel body became available in 1927 only. Truck buyers could and did purchase and install aftermarket pickup bodies during this time. The cab returned for 1928 but the bodies didn't. No factory built pickups were built between 1918 and 1928, Chevrolet provided only the chassis and cowl
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| Chevrolet set a new standard for truck power when it introduced the light-truck industry's first overhead valve six-cylinder engine in 1929. Ford answered with a flat head V-8 in 1932 and Dodge with a flat head six in 1933. Because a truck's purpose is to move the largest possible load in the shortest possible time at the lowest possible cost, Chevrolet engineers hit a bases loaded home run with their new 194 cubic inch, 46 horsepower "cast iron | ![]() Chevrolet's engineers shook up the truck industry with the introduction of an OHV six-cylinder engine in 1929. The 194 cubic inch six developed 56 brake horsepower. Shown is a 1929 Chevrolet International Model Series LQ 1 1/2-ton chassis cab with running boards and rear fenders with an aftermarket pickup body. (Photo: Don Bunn) |
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wonder"
engine. The OHV produced a great increase in power and torque
over the old four and allowed Chevrolet truck to move or pull
more significant loads than in the past. Chevrolet's advertising
program was brilliant, in 1929 they begin to promote "A six for
the price of four".
Quality
features of the new six included overhead valves, cast-iron
pistons, an efficient cooling system and a non pressurized
engine lubrication system. |
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The new six
enabled Chevrolet to upgrade its one-ton to a 1 1/2-ton model.
The 1 1/2-ton Utility LQ models were offered either with or
without a cab, but as before no bodies were offered. The Series
name for 1929 was changed to International which was the same as
the 1929 autos. Maximum GVW rating was increased to 7,000 pounds
from 6,000 pounds. The Utility truck's transmission was upgraded
to a four-speed. The new six-cylinder powered half-ton chassis cowl was designated the International Light Delivery Chassis with Cowl. The 107-inch wheelbase Light Delivery was rated for a maximum payload of 1,000 pounds. It was equipped with rear fenders and a spare rim for only $400 list. The sixes higher speeds allowed deliverymen and salesmen to make more stops per day |
![]() Shown is the left side of the new 1929 Chevrolet six cylinder engine. Note its updraft carburetor. (Photo: Don Bunn)
The first year for a factory built Chevrolet half-ton pickup was 1931, shown. The Roadster pickup seen here has an aftermarket canopy cover installed. The open cab Series LT pickup sold for only $440 with spare rim included. (Photo: David Russell) |
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than was
possible with the slower four cylinder trucks. A $595 Sedan
Delivery with a body by the Geneva Body Company was a new model.
All Chevrolet trucks for 1929 featured new steel disc
wheels--wooden wheels went the way of the buggy whip.
The
Independence Series of 1931 Chevrolet trucks were historically
important in that this was the first year for a factory-built
Chevrolet pickup and the 1 1/2-ton Utility trucks were offered
in two wheelbases-- 131- and 157-inches--with single or dual
rear wheels. A new Commercial chassis with open cab and pickup
box cost only $440. The Commercial rode on a 109-inch wheelbase
(108 9/16) up from 107-inches in 1930. Maximum GVW continued at
4,000 pounds. Chevrolet offered four Commercial bodies in
1931--pickup, panel, sedan delivery and canopy. The cab was
redesigned with a one-piece steel roof, at last the former
structure of wood and fabric was history. The cab was wider and
the seats were also wider and more comfortable; the doors were
considerably larger for easier entry and a rubber floor mat was
furnished. |
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The only
significant change for the 1932 Confederate Series trucks was
the change from an automobile engine to an engine specifically
built for trucks. Chevrolet engineers upgraded the basic
automobile engine with premium features. Horsepower was up to 53
at 2800 rpm from 50 at 2600 rpm and maximum torque jumped by 7
to 131 foot-pounds at 800 rpm. The truck was easier to drive too
because of changing to a three-speed synchromesh transmission
from a spur-type (non-synchro) unit. Double clutching was
eliminated which increased driver efficiency. Chevrolet engineers continued to improve the 1933 Series CB Master Commercial models by increasing piston displacement to 207 cubic-inches and thereby increasing horsepower to 56 at 2750 rpm and maximum torque to |
![]() Have you seen a prettier pickup than this 1932 Chevrolet Confederate Model Series BB closed cab? This pickup sold for only $440, the open cab pickup sold for $10 less. (Photo: Dale Larrivy)
Chevrolet reached a major milestone in 1933 when it produced
its first millionth commercial model. This truck carried over
pretty much unchanged from 1932. Note its attractive wire wheels
and left front fender spare tire carrier. (Photo: David Russell) |
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146 lb-ft.
from 131 in 1932. Models offered remained at four--pickup, sedan
delivery, canopy and panel.
The new 1934
Chevrolet Series DB Master Commercial truck line was completely
revised. For the first time trucks featured a unique appearance,
no longer did they share front end sheet metal with autos. The
half-ton trucks' wheelbase was stretched to 112-inches. Its
frame was entirely new, heavier and stronger than the passenger
car frames of the past. Subsequently, its GVW rating increased
to 4400 pounds from 4100 pounds. Horsepower increased to 60 at
3000 rpm from 56 at 2750 but maximum torque was unchanged. Body
offerings remained at four--canopy, panel, pickup, and sedan
delivery. |
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The 1934
trucks became the 1935's Series EB Master Commercial models with
very little change except the engineers squeezed more power from
the engine. Maximum horsepower increased by 8.5 to 68.5 at 3200
rpm and torque was up by four to 150 LB-ft at 1000 to 1400 rpm. The 1936 Chevrolet Series FB Master Commercial models featured minor styling and engineering improvements but the basic truck carried over from 1935 pretty much as was. Even though the engine's cubic inch displacement was unchanged maximum horsepower increased by 3 1/2 to 72 at 3200 rpm. and torque was up by five to 155 at 900 to 1500 rpm. Full-length engine water jackets around the cylinders |
![]() The wheelbase of this 1934 Series dB Master Commercial closed cab pickup was 112-inches. The standard closed cab half-ton pickup sold for only $465, a spare wheel was included.
This 1936 Chevrolet Series FB Master Commercial half-ton pickup was driven to an old tractor show pulling the heavy trailer shown. Note how the rear of the pickup is squatting under the trailer's weight. This photo was taken in 1986. I saw the same truck again at the 1999 tractor show and it still looks well. (Photo: Don Bunn) |
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improved
engine cooling and a reworked camshaft improved performance. The
most important engineering improvement was a change to a full
hydraulic brake system for safety. |
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Chevrolet's
modern pickup era began in 1937 when management filled in the
holes in the model lineups. Prior to 1937 the company produced a
Commercial model (1/2-ton) and a Heavy Truck (1 1/2-ton). The
gaps were closed with the introduction of 3/4- and one-ton
models. Actually these new models came late in the model year in
July 1937. Another interesting development was that the trucks
again shared the styling traits of automobiles. |
![]() Way back in 1921 and 1922 Chevrolet built a 3/4-ton chassis cowl only. No bodies were offered to say nothing of a pickup. It was not until 1937 that Chevrolet began to offer 3/4- and one-ton models as standard models -- pickups, chassis cabs, stakes, panels, etc. Shown is a 1937 GC Master 3/4-ton pickup. Wheelbase length was 122 1/4-inches and its engine was the new 216.5 cubic inch six. (Photo: Arnold Paradis) |
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The new
3/4-ton truck had a wheelbase of 122 1/4-inches, a payload
capacity of 1,500 pounds and a GVW of 5,800 pounds. The one-ton
differed from the 3/4-ton in that it had larger rear brakes,
heavier rear springs and bigger wheels and tires.
Available bodies included pickup, stake, and platform. The new
pickup body had an inside length of 78-inches, an inside width
of 45 3/4-inches and an inside height of 14-inches. Its capacity
was 32.2 cubic feet or an increase of 13 percent over the
1/2-ton model. |
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Sedan
Delivery and a Coupe Pickup. The Coupe Pickup was simply the
Master Series coupe with a slide-in pickup body. The trunk lid
could be removed when using the pickup box. The Coupe Pickup
dated back to 1936 and the Sedan Delivery was a modified
two-door Chevrolet Sedan. Chevrolet's exclusive Suburban station
wagon was in its third model year in 1937. The 1938 models carried over with only minor styling changes. Although minor, the changes to the grille and hood sides greatly enhanced the truck's appearance. The other styling change of note was a new front bumper. The 1938 bumper was wider with a recess running down its center and it was tapered on the ends. New models for 1938 included the 3/4- and one-ton panels. The
1939-1940 Chevrolet trucks received a restyled and reengineered
cab and front sheet metal. These new trucks were by far the best
looking trucks in Chevrolet Division's history. |
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The new cab
was designed for driver comfort and convenience. A more
attractive and functional instrument panel was easier for the
driver to use. Controls like choke and throttle were recessed at
the lower edge of the panel at its center and the instruments
were clustered for easy reading. Seat backs in the cabs were made nearly three-inches lower and the cab provided more headroom. Softer seat springs had about two-inches of "give" to get the additional headroom. Seats were made three-inches wider, which enabled three men to sit abreast. All 1939 models had longer wheelbases: 113 1/2-inches for the half-ton; 123 3/4-inches for the 3/4- and one-tons and 133 and 158 1/2-inches for the heavy models. |
![]() The 1939 Chevrolet Series JC Master half-ton pickup was built on a 113 1/2-inch wheelbase chassis. Chevrolet called it a "Cab and Box". It sold for only $572 list. Road ready it weighed 2,925 pounds. (Photo: Don Bunn)
The surest way to identify a 1940 Chevrolet pickup is to look at its topmost grille bar. It is higher than that of the 1939 model and has a large Chevrolet name written in red script letters. The 1940 half-ton pickup was the Series KC Light Delivery model, which sold for only $572, or the same as the 1939 model. (Photo: Don Bunn) |
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There were
no additions or deletions to model offerings for 1939. Although
beyond the scope of our interests, Chevrolet did launch its
first factory-built cab-over-engine trucks in 1939.
The 1940 cab
remained the same but the instrument panel was curved with a
rectangular gauge cluster taken from the passenger cars. Sealed
beam headlights were also new for 1940 which caused the
designers to give the trucks a separate parking light mounted on
top of the front fenders. The best styling clue to differentiate
a 1939 from a 1940 is to look at the top of the grille. The
1940's grilled had a wider chrome strip at the very top with the
Chevrolet name written in script letters. |
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If you spend
anytime reading truck history you will soon learn that a common
design theme which is repeated over and over again is that of
"massiveness." This word was used to describe the front
appearance of the new 1941 Chevrolet Trucks. Especially on
light-duty trucks designers continually worked
to get
just the right look of massiveness and ruggedness in the truck's
grille, front bumper and front fenders. I'm not so sure that the
ruggedness and massiveness have stood the test of time for the
1941-1946 Chevrolet pickups. It was my good friend John Gunnell
who coined the term "Wurlitzer" for these trucks, which is a
wonderfully descriptive term. I think the point is clear: these
are attractive trucks but maybe not all that massive. We must
admit that it is hard to miss all that bright chrome, however I
tip my hat to the Chevrolet designers for their work, which has
stood the test of time. |
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| The new 1941 Chevrolet truck's entire front end: hood, louvers, fenders, bumpers, headlights, parking lights and grille were all new. When combined with a 1 1/2-inch increase in wheelbase, the result was a larger, more impressive truck. Chevrolet engineers backed up the truck's bigger look with more power. Without an increase in cubic inches, horsepower was increased by 5 to 90 and torque by 4 to 174 lb-ft. at 1200 to 200 rpm. | ![]() Chevrolet's 1941 half-ton Series AK trucks were built on a 115-inch wheelbase chassis. The half-ton "Cab and Box" sold for $570. It was equipped with 16-inch wheels and 6.00x16 6-ply tires. The wide white sidewall tires on this farm truck seem to be out of place. (Photo: Don Bunn) |
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The longer wheelbase was used to provide the driver with additional legroom and the seat back was reclined to a more comfortable angle. The seat cushion and back were also improved for better comfort and longer life through the use of more springs and additional cotton padding.
Chevrolet brought to market a full line (100 models on 9 wheelbases) of light-, medium- and heavy-duty trucks on May 1, 1946 complete with chrome trim. All prewar models except the Coupe Pickup returned. The light-duty engine was the same as the prewar engine. These trucks stayed in production until about May 1, 1947 when the Advanced Design trucks entered production |
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Chevrolet's
radically different 1947 Advanced Design light-duty trucks
represented a sea change in pickup design and appearance. The
nation was entering the exciting Post World War II era and after
four long years of war the American people, especially the
veterans, were looking forward to new opportunities in the
world's greatest country. There was no better way to put the
past behind and look to the future than with new lines of
America's favorite form of transportation - cars and light
trucks. Post War automobiles followed a little
more than a year later than the new trucks. GM was the first manufacturer to release the new-look post War trucks late in the 1947 model year as 1947 models. They were announced at Chevrolet dealer showrooms on Saturday June 28, 1947. There is so much that could be said about the new Chevrolet pickups that we could fill a small book. For lack of space we will stick to the basics. Truck engineers typically began development work on a new series by surveying truck users. Personal interviews with business owners revealed the number one |
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| concern with trucks was a larger, roomier cab with more comfortable seats and better vision. Please note that owner interviews at that time in history were held with business owners not with individuals who owned pickup trucks for transportation only. The cab of the Advanced Design pickups was eight inches wider and seven inches longer. By pickup standards increases of this magnitude | ![]() This 1950 Chevrolet half-ton model HP pickup was photographed in October 1999. It is so typical of collector trucks which are almost, but not quite stock. Note the later model hubcaps, a hood ornament, non-stock yellow paint and the wheels seem to be undersized too. (Photo: Don Bunn) |
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only happen
once in a lifetime. The cab's new size allowed the engineers to
fit in with a true three-man seat which was also fully
adjustable front and rear on an inclined plane to provide
maximum driver vision. The additional cab width and length
caused the new pickups to look much bigger than previously. A new larger windshield and bigger side and rear window glass and optional rear-quarter windows vastly improved safety and driveability. Higher and wider
cab doors made entry and exit easier. Another new feature which further contributed to driver comfort and safety was a fresh-air heater/defroster system which brought fresh outside air into the cab and forced used air out through vents at the rear of the cab. Chevrolet engineers designed the new cab's construction to be entirely welded, as opposed to partly bolted together as in the past. Consequently the new cab was much stronger and featured a three-point type of suspension, which contributed to a softer ride. Chevrolet engineers included three pickup truck types in the new Advanced Design Series in three-sizes, half-, 3/4- and one-tons (models 3104, 3604 and 3804 respectively) with cargo boxes 78 inches, 87 inches and 108 inches long. |
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All three
boxes were 50 inches wide, 16 1/4 inches high on the sides and
14 inches high in the ends. Wheelbases were 116, 125 1/4 and 137
inches. For each model the cargo box was shifted forward for
better distribution of the load in relation to the rear axle and
for better support by the frame rails. All pickups continued to
be built with wooden cargo floors covered with steel skid
strips. |
![]() The door vent windows were new in 1951 and push button door handles in 1952. A 1952 e/3-ton pickup is shown. The 3600 Series trucks were built on a 125 1/4-inch wheelbase chassis. The three-speed synchromesh transmission was standard; the four-speed was an option. This truck was Y2K ready and ready for sale on a used car lot in October 1999. (Photo: Don Bunn) |
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Advanced
Design pickup's engine was the 90 horsepower, 174 ft-lb. of
torque, 216.5 cubic inch Thrift Master OHV six cylinder. The
half and 3/4-ton pickup's standard transmission was a three
speed and a four speed was optional. Only the four speed was
available for the one-ton.
In addition to pickups, the Advanced Design light-duty truck's with body line continued to include half- and one-ton panels and canopy expresses; 3/4- and one-ton stake trucks; the Carryall Suburban and the automobile based on the Sedan Delivery. Advanced
Design pickups continued through 1953 with only minor
engineering and styling upgrades. For example, in 1948 the
four-speed transmission's gear shift lever was moved to the
steering column from the floor and the parking brake was changed
from a floor mounted lever to a foot actuated pedal on the
driver's far left. These changes cleared the floor of
obstructions for the convenience and comfort of the passenger
seated in the middle. The former four-speed
spur-type transmission was changed to a synchromesh unit to
eliminate double clutching. |
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In 1949 the
gas tank was moved to inside the cab behind the seat back. In
1950 the 216.5 cubic inch six was tweaked to put out 92
horsepower at 3400 rpm and 176 ft-LB of torque at 1000 to 2000
rpm. In 1951 the left-side cowl vent was eliminated and was
replaced by door vent windows. New push-button door handles were
a 1952 model year introduction. |
![]() This 1954 Chevrolet Series 3100 half-ton pickup is another not-quite stock collector pickup. This was the first year of the Advanced Design series in which extensive styling changes were made. Note the one-piece curved windshield and new grille and parking lights. (Photo: Don Bunn) |
| The first, and only, major Advanced Design styling and engineering changes occurred with the 1954 models. These models featured a pleasing one-piece windshield, and all-new grille, new parking lights and a new steering wheel and | |
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instrument
panel. Engineering advancements included the new standard 235.5
cubic inch OHV six cylinder engine producing 112 horsepower and
200 ft-LB gross torque. The full automatic Hydra-Matic
transmission became an option for light-duty trucks. These
trucks continued into 1955 and remained on sale until March 25,
1955 when all-new Early V8 pickup trucks were announced by
Chevrolet. |
![]() This amazing 1954 Chevrolet Series 3800 one-ton pickup looked almost as good as new when photographed in October 1999. These big pickups were worked so hard they usually didn't survive (Photo: Don Bunn) |
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Chevrolet pickups
were number one in sales during every year of the Advanced
Design Era. |
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| Chevrolet pickups sailed through the Advanced Design Era comfortably ensconced in first place in unit sales over arch cross-town rival Ford. Ford beat Chevrolet to market with the first modern overhead valve V8 engine in 1954, and this at a time when the industry was rushing to convert all vehicles to | |
| modern high-performance OHV V8 engines. Early in the 1950s all luxury automobiles had already converted to OHV V8s. The other two low-priced brands, Chevrolet and Plymouth, were in line for new V8 engines in the 1955 model year. It is true that Chevrolet was one year later than Ford with an OHV V8 but that didn't mean Chevrolet was behind. | ![]() Chevrolet continued to sell these "First Series 1955" trucks until March 25, 1955. Visual changes from 1954 models are too minor to mention. A 1955 Chevrolet model 3014 pickup is shown. (Photo: Don Bunn) |
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Chevrolet's
innovative small block 265 cubic-inch OHV V8 blew Ford's Y-block
out of the picture. Chevrolet immediately became the pickup
power leader over Ford. Chevrolet's management dubbed the 1955 trucks their "Task-Force" line. Task-Force is a naval term. "Task" refers to a specific job or series of jobs the Task Force is to accomplish and "Force" is the inherent power with which they accomplish their tasks. |
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| Task-Force pickups were all new. Their styling hallmarks included the truck industry's first wraparound windshield. Chevrolet advertising called it a "Sweep-Sight Windshield". This idea was first shown the year before on GM's innovative Buick LeSabre concept Motorama show car. Other interesting styling innovations included shrouded headlights in visored fenders, a classic egg crate grille, running boards | ![]() The "Second Series 1955" Chevrolet trucks were called Task-Force models. Chevrolet designers developed a new shape for these trucks called the "Load Pulling" look. Shown is a 1955 Chevrolet Second Series 3100 half-ton pickup. (Photo: Don Bunn) |
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concealed
behind the cab doors and an optional "full view rear window"
(wraparound).
New features for driver convenience and ease of operation included power steering, power brakes, overdrive for half-ton pickups, key-turn starts, tubeless tires, a 12-volt electrical system and a four speed automatic transmission on Series 3000 pickups.
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The new
Model 3104 half-ton pickup rode on a 114-inch wheelbase and
carried 78 1/8-inch long by 50-inch wide and 17 9/16-inch high
cargo box with flat flares, a rugged hardwood floor equipped
with steel skid strips and an optional side mounted tire
carrier. |
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| New chassis features included optional power brakes and steering, tubeless tires, hotchkiss drive, I-beam front axle and leaf springs for all wheels. Standard engine was the 123 net horsepower 235.5 cubic inch Thriftmaster six which produced 210 ft-lb. gross torque. Optional engine was the 265 cubic inch Trademaster V8 which developed 132 net horsepower and 249 ft-LB | ![]() The 1957 Task-Force pickups received a fresh, functional new grille design featuring a flat oval shape inside the grille opening. The standard engine was the 235 ci six and optional power was from the 265 CI OHV V8. A 1957 Model 3104 half-ton pickup is shown. (Photo: E. Nebergall) |
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gross
torque. Transmission choices included a three-speed synchro with
or w/o overdrive, a HD three-speed, a four-speed automatic and a
four-speed synchromesh. A new long box half-ton pickup for 1955
was Model 3204, which rode on a 123 1/4-inch wheelbase and
carried a 90-inch long by 50-inch wide and 17 9/16-inch high
cargo box. Its GVW was 5000 pounds, the same as Model 3104, the
short-box half-ton. All chassis specs were the same for both
pickups.
The Model
3604 3/4-ton pickup had a 123 1/4-inch wheelbase chassis and
carried the same cargo box as the long box halt-ton. It was
rated for a GVW of 6,900 pounds. Model 3604 was offered with the
same engine and transmission options as that of the half-ton
except an overdrive was not available. It had, of course,
heavier or larger springs, axles, brakes, wheels and tires to
give the extra load carrying capability. |
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The model
3804 one-ton pickup had a 135-inch wheelbase chassis and carried
a 108 1/4-inch long by 50-inch wide by 17 9/16-inch high cargo
box. It carried a GVW of 7,000 pounds and a payload rating of
3,100 pounds. Engine options were the same as above.
Transmission options included a HD three-speed, four-speed
synchro and a four-speed automatic. Chevrolet Trucks dropped a bombshell on the industry with the intro of its famous limited production Model 3124 Cameo Carrier. Its cab and front sheet metal were the same as other 1955 models, but its big plastic rear fenders gave the impression that its cargo box was cab wide. Its GVW rating at 5,000 pounds was the same as the other half- |
![]() For the first time Chevrolet offered a cab wide steel cargo box, named the Fleetside, which replaced the Cameo Carrier. A 1958 Chevrolet half-ton 31 Apache Stepside is shown. All 1958 models featured a new grille design and dual headlights. (Photo: AAMA)
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tons and it
retained all the utility and toughness and economy of all
Chevrolet trucks. A plastic panel also covered the tailgate.
Cameo was only offered in two-tone exterior colors of Bombay
Ivory and Commercial Red. Its mechanical specifications were the
same as all the other half-ton modes. Chevrolet engineers and designers made numerous changes to the early V8 pickups for model years 1956 to 1959, we will highlight the most important changes. The 265 cubic inch Trademaster V8 was given an optional four-barrel carburetor which increased its horsepower output to 205. Fairly significant additions and improvements occurred with the 1957 pickups. First of all there was a new grille design which featured a large elongated oval shape floating in the grille's center. A Low-Hub steering wheel had its hub depressed three inches below the pane of the steering wheel's rim for added driver safety and better viewing of the instruments. The Trademaster V8 engine was increased from 265 cubic inches to 283 and its horsepower rating was up to 160 and gross torque was up to 270 ft-LB As a mid year introduction Chevrolet engineers released their first ever production 4WD pickups in half-, 3/4- and one-ton sizes. The 1958 models featured a new grille and dual headlights. As a midyear model Chevrolet introduced its first cab wide (75-inches) Fleetside pickup box. The Cameo Carrier was discontinued when the Fleetside was introduced. The all-new El Camino pickup was introduced in 1959, the last year of the Early V8 Pickup Era but we will cover this truck in a later segment. The 283 cubic inch Trademaster V8s name was changed to Turbo-Fire in 1959 and a Super Turbo-Fire 283 cubic-inch V8, boasting of 230 horsepower and 300 ft-LB of torque, was introduced for the Sedan Delivery and El Camino only. Chevrolet pickups led all other manufacturers in sales every year of the Early V8 Pickup Era |
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| Chevrolet's Early V-8 Pickup Era ended after only a five year run, which compares to nine years for the Advanced Design Pickup Era. The only 1959 pickup carried over was the car based El Camino. This was the El Camino's last year until 1964. One of management's key motives for a new truck series was to get improved market coverage. That coverage had mostly to do with | |
| medium- and heavy duty trucks. Historically Chevrolet was always known as a light-duty truck builder and only second as a medium duty producer. In 1955 with the addition of truck V-8 engines Chevrolet's engineers began to build bigger trucks. The only change of note concerning pickups was that the one-ton 4 wheel drive model was dropped, Chevrolet continued to build half- and 3/4-ton 4WD trucks only. Maximum | ![]() Only the 1960 and 1961 Chevrolet pickups had the front styling shown on this 1961 C10 Fleetside pickup. The only appearance to differentiate between the 1960 and 1961 trucks were that the parking light ovals were open around the spinners in 1961 whereas in the 1960 models this area was entirely closed. The C1434 truck shown is powered by the 283 cubic inch Trademaster V-8 engine. Its transmission is the Powerglide (Photo: Don Bunn) |
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GVWs for the
half-ton 4 wheel drive models was increased to 5,200 lbs. from
5,000 lbs. Model Series designations for 1960 were completely revised. The new system began with a letter prefix. For example, a "C" prefix indicated a conventional cab; a "K" indicated a 4 wheel drive model; a "P" model was forward control; an "L" was a low cab forward; an "S" was a school bus and an "M" was a tandem. A half-ton pickup was now either a model C1404 or C1434. The "C" designated a conventional cab; the "1" half-ton; the "4" a 6 1/2-foot body and the "04" and "34" were for Stepside or Fleetside body types. The C/K
designation became well known over the years and continued in
use through the 1997 model year. |
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Chevrolet
engineers worked overtime changing the proportions of the new
light-duty truck line for more favorable weight distribution and
lower overall heights. First of all, they increased the front
axle loading by up to eight percent by adding 5.6-inches to the
CA dimension (the back of the cab to the center of the rear
axle) and by moving the front axle back by 1.88 inches. |
![]() The Greenwood, DE Volunteer Fire Dept. owned this 1963 K2534 3/4-ton Chevrolet Fleetside 4x4 brush fire pickup. It had a 250-gallon water tank and a 300 gpm pump. It was rated for a max payload of 3300 lbs. Its standard engine was the 230 six (Photo: Don Bunn) |
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Wheelbase
length for the half-ton was increased by one inch to 115 inches
and on the the 3/4-ton by 3 3/4-inches to 127 inches, but the
one-ton was decreased by 2 inches to 133 inches.
The half-ton and 3/4-ton cab models utilized a new, drop-center, X-type frame assembly. This construction was necessary to beef up the frame because of the new four-wheel independent suspension system, especially for the front torsion bars. The new frame construction coupled with the new cab styling, which was 3.88-inches lower than the previous cab, reduced overall vehicle height by up to seven inches. This substantial reduction in height provided a lower center of gravity and improved vehicle stability. A second benefit of the reduced height was the lower seat-to-ground dimension, which made the cab entrance and exit easier. The new cab dimensions resulted in greater driver and passenger comfort. Cab width (hip room) was increased by 5.8 inches; shoulder room by 5.1 inches; interior height by 1.3-inches and legroom by 1.9-inches. For all-around visibility for easier, safer driving Chevrolet engineers offered an extra-large rear window as an option on all pickups. The "dog leg" windshield returned for 1960 except that it was wider and higher. Total glass area was increased 263 square inches. Side door glass and ventipanes were reduced because of the new styling.
All 1960 Chevrolet trucks, including mediums and heavy-duties, featured new independent front suspensions with the exception of 4 wheel drive and forward control models. The pickup's front springing was by extra heavy and durable torsion bars while rear springing for half- and 3/4-ton pickups employed coil springs. One-ton pickups retained the use of leaf springs in the rear but with torsion bars in the front. For 1961 Chevrolet introduced the Corvair 95 lie of short wheelbase, rear engine light-duty trucks. The line included a van, wagon and two pickups - with or without a swing-down side ramp called a 'Ramp-Side'. Corvair pickups were designed for light and bulky loads. In no sense were they expected to replace the hard working conventional half-ton pickups.
The 1962 Chevrolet pickups featured a new hood and grille style. An optional alternator and directional signals were made standard equipment in all but one series. The pickup line continued to consist of the Corvair, 6 1/2- and 8-foot Fleetsides and Stepsides, the 8-foot Stepside 3/4-ton and the 9 foot Stepside one-ton. Engine options for Series C10 through C30 included the standard 235.5 cubic inch six and the optional 283 cubic inch 160 horsepower V-8. Major
engineering changes for 1963 included replacing the light-duty
model's torsion bar front suspension with coil springs and
replacing the former standard six cylinder engine family with
all new 230 cubic inch and 292 cubic inch sixes. The former
235.5 and 261 cubic inch sixes remained the standard engines for
K10 and K20 pickups only. A restyled grille freshened up all
pickup's front appearances. |
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The most
significant improvement for 1964 was the change from the dogleg
windshield to the conventional curved type. It provided easier
entrance and exits for driver and passengers and looked much
better too. The 230 and 292 six cylinder engines continued as
the standard engines for all 2 wheel drives and beginning in
1964 for all 4 wheel drive pickups also. The 235.5 and 261 sixes
were dropped. The 283 cubic inch V-8 remained optional for all
C/K pickups. The El Camino returned after a four year absence.
It was built on the Chevelle's 115-inch wheelbase chassis. The 1964 models continued through 1966 without any changes worth noting. The Corvair 95 pickups were discontinued after 1964 when the new front engine Chevrolet van replaced the Corvair vans. The El Camino pickups continued as a staple of the Chevrolet line. Chevrolet continued to be America's favorite pickups throughout the years 1960 to 1966. Chevrolet sold 588,320 trucks in 1966, which was its biggest year ever. |
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The Glamour
Pickups are hands down the all time favorite with Chevrolet
pickup collectors. First for their refined, handsome styling but
also for their driveability, quality engineering and excellent
power. It was in the Glamour Pickup Era that Chevrolet pickups made the major transition from being merely utilitarian to high-styled "personalized" pickups. For the first time ever in 1967, for the industry in total, V8 engines outsold six cylinder engines. Chevrolet, on the other hand, still sold slightly more sixes than V8s, which is easy to understand, because Chevrolet historically had been the industry's six cylinder engine leader (in 1968 Chevrolet sold more V8s than |
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| sixes; 410,178 to 269,291). America's love affair with the Recreation Vehicle (RV) was getting into high gear by this time and the pickup was the vehicle of choice for more RVers. Many families bought a pickup to carry slide-on campers or pickup covers and to pull travel trailers or hi-low camper trailers. These RVs totaled almost 95 percent of the RV market. Automobiles, sedans and station wagons, were another tow vehicle of choice for many families. Because RVing was enjoyed by the whole family a great deal of | ![]() The Glamour
pickups are easy to keep track of because they consist of only
six model years made up of three sets of two. Years 1967 and
1968 have the same style, as do years 1969 and 1970, and years
1971 and 1972 made up the third set. Shown is a 1968 Series 20
Model 20934 3/4-ton Fleetside pickup. The standard engines for
this pickup were the 250 six and 283 V8; optional engines were
the 292 six and 327 V8. The three-speed manual transmission was
standard equipment and the four-speed manual, Powerglide and
Turbo-Hydramatic were options (Photo: Bob Bray) |
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pressure was
put on the manufacturers to build pickups with style, power,
automatic transmissions, riding comfort, power assists, air
conditioning and comfortable cab interiors. The new 1967 Chevrolet pickups were referred to as "a new concept in personalized pickups." Chevrolet pickups featured a great new shape for '67, a new lower height for easier entry and more comfortable cab interiors, new power, new lower height for easier entry and more comfortable cab interiors, new power, an upscale Custom Sport Truck (CST) model, which featured the comfort and appearance of a passenger car and an all-new 4WD system. The 6 1/2 foot short box C10 half-ton's wheelbase was 115 inches, the eight foot long half- and C20 3/4-ton's box was 127 inches and the C30 nine foot one-ton box was 133 inch wheelbase. The nine foot box was only offered as a Stepside. The Fleetside cargo box was available only on half- and 3/4-ton pickups. Fleetside pickup boxes continued to be available with either steel floors or with optional wood floors protected with recessed steel skid strips. |
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Front
suspensions for all Chevrolet trucks continued to be independent
with coil springs. For series 10 and 20 pickups, coil spring
rear suspensions were also standard equipment. Leaf springs were
standard for Series 30 trucks. New optional tapered auxiliary
rear springs were offered for Series 10 and 20 trucks. Chevrolet's camper pickup line was enhanced for 1967 by the addition of the CST luxury cab interior package and Custom Camper packages for Series 10, 20 |
![]() The 1970
Chevrolet 3/4-ton Series C20 Fleetside pickup Model 20934 shown
was one of the second of the three sets of Glamour pickups. Note
how the front of this truck had been restyled to give it a more
aggressive appearance than that of the 1967 and 1968 trucks.
Other than that the 1969 and 1970 trucks were basically the same
as the 1967 and 1968 models. The engine lineup changed but the
transmission lineup didn't. Standard engines for 1970 included
the 250 six and the 307 V8; optional were the 292 six and the
new 350 V8. (Photo: Don Bunn) |
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and 30
models. Custom Camper equipment included front stabilizer bars
and heavier springs, shocks, wheels and tires for better load
handling characteristics. Chevrolet's 4WD pickups for 1967 had a lower look because engineers redesigned their powertrain components to reduce the overall height of the truck while still retaining a transfer case to ground height of 12 1/2 inches. They did this by relocating the transfer case to a higher position and by attaching it directly to the transmission. The overall height of the truck was lowered by five inches. 4WD pickups were only offered as half- and 3/4-ton model but as either Stepsides or Fleetsides. Chevrolet's light-duty engine lineup for 1967 consisted of the 250 and 292 sixes and the 283 V8 and the 220 gross horsepower 327 V8. The 250 and 283 were standard equipment for all 2WD and 4WD pickups and the 292 and 327 were options for all pickups. The 4WD option was only available for half- and 3/4-ton pickups. Gross horsepower and gross torque numbers for the four engines in order by size were: 155, 170, 175 and 220 and 235, 275, 275 and 320. The 1968 pickups carried over with only minor changes except for two issues: one, Chevrolet designers added a new Custom Comfort and Convenience cab option slotting it in between the Standard cab and the CST cab. Secondly, the 307 V8 engine replaced the 283 as the standard V8 and the 396 V8 was added as an optional V8. The 327 V8 also continued as an option. 1968 was Chevrolet's 50th Anniversary as a truck manufacturer.
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An El Camino
pickup was built in every year of the Glamour Era. The SUV
Blazer was new in 1969. The 1969 pickups had a redesigned grille featuring a wide, horizontal aluminum grille bar with the Chevrolet name prominently displayed. The only new pickup model was the one-ton Fleetside. It featured a 133 inch wheelbase chassis and a nine foot box (104 inches inside length). Fleetside pickups continued to offer either steel or wood floors. The engine |
![]() Chevrolet
engineers invented the Longhorn pickup for the big slide-on
camper. It would take camper bodies up to 12 feet long. The
Longhorn's 8 1/2 foot cargo box was engineered for extra support
along its entire length. A 1971 C20 Longhorn is shown. Note the
vertical line on the Fleetside's box just behind the cab; that's
how much extra length was added to the regular 3/4-ton's box.
Most buyers opted for one of the two optional V8s -- the 350 or
400. (Photo: Tom Brownell) |
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line was
revised by dropping the 327 V8 and replacing it with Chevrolet's
beloved 350. Chevrolet's 1970 pickups continued without appearance changes. The one new pickup was the 3/4 ton Longhorn. It was built on the 133 inch wheelbase and featured an 8 1/2 foot box and was capable of carrying camper bodies up to 12 feet in length. The 396 V8 was replaced by the 400 V8 (402 ci), this was the only engine change. The 1971 models received yet another new grille design. Most Chevrolet aficionados feel this is the most attractive Chevrolet of all time. The 1972 model was similar but some Chevrolet lovers say it may be even better looking. In |
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1971
Chevrolet was the first to make front disc brakes standard
equipment on all light-duty trucks. The Longhorn continued in
1971. The engine lineup remained the same. It was the same for
both 2WD and 4WD pickups except the 400 wasn't available for
4WDs. For environmental considerations all engines burned
regular gas and were engineered to burn lower lead fuel. This
was the first year for the popular, upscale Cheyenne cab
interior package.
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![]() Most Chevrolet
pickup aficionados agree that the 1972 Fleetside pickup, like
the one shown, has the finest appearance of all pickups
Chevrolet ever built. The C10 Series truck shown has been very
carefully restored. (Photo: Don Bunn) |
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The four
cylinder half-ton rated LUV mini-pickup imported from Isuzu was
new in March 1972. The full-size pickups continued with only
minor changes, as this was the last year for the Series. Chevrolet continued to be the industry's leading manufacturer of pickups throughout the Glamour Pickup years. |
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